HMG

Third-Party Tested

Independent lab verified

Batch-Specific CoA

Publicly accessible

YPB.258

Reference number

75 IU

Lyophilized vial

Origin

Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (hMG) was first extracted from the urine of postmenopausal women by Piero Donini in the late 1940s at the Istituto Farmacologico Serono in Rome. The elevated gonadotropin levels in postmenopausal urine provided a natural source of both FSH and LH activity.

Research Lineage

Donini's extraction methods were refined by Serono Laboratories, leading to the first clinical use of hMG (Pergonal) for ovulation induction by Bruno Lunenfeld in 1961. Lunenfeld's work at Tel Aviv University established the foundation of modern assisted reproduction. hMG remains a reference compound in gonadotropin research.

Mechanism of Action

hMG contains both FSH and LH activity derived from urinary gonadotropins, plus hCG which contributes additional LH-like activity. FSH stimulates folliculogenesis in ovarian models and Sertoli cell function in testicular models. LH/hCG activity stimulates theca cell androgen production and Leydig cell steroidogenesis. The ratio of FSH to LH activity varies by purification method.

Structural Notes

Urinary-derived mixture of glycoprotein hormones. Standardized by bioassay in International Units (IU). Each vial contains defined ratios of FSH and LH bioactivity.